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 Photo by Mel Halbach
At COP 13, through the Bali Action Plan, Parties agreed on the principle of
applying measurement, reporting and verification (MRV) for developing country Parties, which laid the
foundation for the subsequent elaboration of the existing comprehensive MRV framework for developing
country Parties. MRV occurs at the international level, but can also be voluntary at the national
level.
Measurement (M) for non-Annex I Parties applies both to efforts to address climate change and
to the impacts of these efforts. It occurs at the national level and refers to GHG emissions,
mitigation actions and their effects, and the support needed and received;
Reporting (R) for non-Annex I Parties is implemented through the national communications and
BURs, where Parties report on their actions to address climate change in their national
communications;
Verification (V) is addressed at the international level, through the ICA of BURs; It can also
occur at the national level, but is voluntary.
The secretariat released new handbook on measurement, reporting, and verification for
developing countries.
To access the handbook, click 
here (3359 kB)
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National Reports from non-Annex Parties
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Submitted NCs
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Submitted BURs
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Reporting for developing countries is implemented through national communications (NCs) and biennial
update reports (BURs). Developing country Parties are required to submit their first NC within three
years of entering the Convention, and every four years thereafter.
The first BUR should be, consistent with the Party's capabilities or level of support provided,
submitted by December 2014, and every two years thereafter. Least developed country Parties and small
island developing States may submit BURs at their own discretion.
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Consideration of Reports
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Compilation and Synthesis Reports
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International Consultation and Analysis
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Verification of reports is addressed at the international level through the process of international
consultation and analysis of BURs. This is to increase the transparency of mitigation actions and their
effects as well as support needed and received.
Information contained in initial NCs submitted by non-Annex I Parties up to April 1, 2005 is compiled
and synthesized into one comprehensive document. The most recent is the sixth Compilation and Synthesis
report.
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Financial and Technical Support
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Financial and technical assistance are essential to helping developing countries prepare their NCs and
BURS.
Some of the key actors involved in assisting developing countries with their national reports include
the secretariat, the Global Environment Fund (GEF), Global
Support Programme for national communications and biennial update reports (UNEP/UNDP), the Consultative Group of Experts on National Communications
from Parties not included in Annex I to the Convention (CGE), and Annex I Parties.
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Tools and Training Materials
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National communications
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Biennial update reports
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International Consultation and Analysis
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The secretariat, the IPCC, the Consultative Group of Experts on National Communications from Parties
not included in Annex I to the Convention (CGE), and related external sources provide
tools, materials, and training, including UNFCCC-CASTT, to
facilitate measuring, reporting, and verification in developing countries in accordance with the
guidelines to the Convention.
The Conference of the Parties (COP), at its twenty-first session held in Paris in 2015, established a
Capacity-building Initiative for Transparency (CBIT) in order to build institutional and technical
capacity, both pre-and post-2020. Upon request of the COP, the GEF made arrangements to support the
establishment and operation of the CBIT. Further information is accessible at the GEF website.
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Contact and Feedback
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For submission of national reports from non-Annex I Parties, please e-mail the secretariat:
reporting-nai@unfccc. The details on the submission process
will be communicated through this email.
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